Wednesday, December 9, 2009

A Horse and Two Goats #4

Have you ever been involved in a cultural misunderstanding where everything seemingly turned out fine for both parties?

A Horse and Two Goats #3

Do you suppose that Narayan is making any comments on culture clash? On tourism? On loss of culture?

A Horse and Two Goats #2

What is the significance of the statue to the American tourist?

A Horse and Two Goats #1

What is the significance of the horse and rider statue to Muni?

The Farewell Party #4

Have you ever been with a group of people for the last time? Have emotions and actions seemed different because it was, in effect, a final farewell?

The Farewell Party #3

Explain the shift that occurs in the story (1204) when the doctors finally emerge from the shadows.

The Farewell Party #2

Discuss the character of Raman. How does he relate to the others at the party? Why?

The Farewell Party #1

How does Bina view herself in relation to the other company wives?

Class #5

Do you sense Alexie is trying to make a point in this story?

Class #4

Why, despite the obvious danger, does the narrator decide to fight Junior?

Class #3

Why do you suppose that the narrator has slept only with blond and blue-eyed prostitutes (1355)?

Class #2

During the initial conversation he has with Susan McDermott, who later becomes his wife, the narrator says the following: "'I'm Edgar Eagle Runner,' I said, though my driver's license still read Edgar Joseph" (1352).

What does this indicate about the narrator's identity?

Class #1

Why is this short story titled Class? What importance does class have to the story?

Wednesday, December 2, 2009

To the White Fiends #5

Do you think this poem is still relevant? Is racism still a major problem in the United States? Are there some ethnic groups that suffer worse than others?

To the White Fiends #4

Is this poem an effective medium for social change? Or is it potentially too abrasive to be persuasive?

To the White Fiends #3

This poem was written in the 1920s, a time in America when segregation was still common and Black people had very little political power. What do you suppose White people would have thought of his poem? What do you suppose Black people would have thought?

To the White Fiends #2

Explain the following lines:

But the Almighty from the darkness drew
My soul and said: Even thou shalt be a light
Awhile to burn on the benighted earth,
Thy dusky face I set among the white
For thee to prove thyself of higher worth; (8-12)

To the White Fiends #1

To whom is McKay referring in his title-- all White people, or just those whom he considers fiends?

The Negro Speaks of Rivers #4

Do you feel any deep, fluid, spiritual connection between your present self and your ancestors who came long before you or your parents were born?

The Negro Speaks of Rivers #3

Explain the last line:

My soul has grown deep like the rivers.

The Negro Speaks of Rivers #2

Why choose the rivers he did? Why those specific rivers? How do they relate to the subject matter of the poem?

The Negro Speaks of Rivers #1

Who is the "I" in the poem?

Song of Ocol #3

Why does the poet ask himself, at the end of the poem, the following question?

Mother, mother,
Why,
Why was I born
Black? (68-71)

Song of Ocol #2

Explain the following lines:

Child,
Lover of toys,
Look at his toy weapons,
His utensils, his hut...
Toy garden, toy chickens,
Toy cattle,
Toy children... (47-53)

Song of Ocol #1

What do the following lines describe?

Diseased with a chronic illness,
Choking with black ignorance,
Chained to the rock
Of poverty,
And yet laughing,
Always laughing and dancing,
The chains on his legs
Jangling; (11-18)

Black Woman #6

In America, do you think, for humans, Black beauty is as valued as other forms of beauty-- e.g., White beauty, Asian beauty, Chican(o/a) beauty? Why or why not?

Black Woman #5

Why write a poem like this? What do you suppose Senghor may be hoping to achieve?

Black Woman #4

Explain the last two lines of the poem:

I sing your passing beauty and fix it for all Eternity
before jealous Fate reduces you to ashes to nourish the roots of life.

Black Woman #3

How would you describe the tone of the poem? What is Senghor saying about this Black Woman?

Black Woman #2

What does Senghor mean when he writes in line four, "at the height of Summer and Noon"?
Why are "Summer" and "Noon" capitalized?

Black Woman #1

Who, or what, is the "Black Woman" referred to in the poem?

Tuesday, November 17, 2009

My World of the Unknown

Perhaps the most unusual story you will read this semester, My World of the Unknown challenges us to understand why a djinn-- a strange being created by Allah (the Muslim word for God)-- would appear in the form of a female snake and form a bond of mysterious love with a female narrator. The author Rifaat is a devout Muslim, so while discussing such a controversial topic as sex is one thing, bringing in sex with an unknown force is quite another.

After reading this story, perhaps you will wonder whether the djinn was evil or good, whether it was deceiving the narrator and leading her down the wrong path, or bringing her the most incredible and passionate pleasure and joy she will ever know. That is, ultimately, up for you to decide.

My World of the Unknown #8

Will homosexuality ever be just as accepted as heterosexuality? In other words, will people eventually judge homosexuality as equal to heterosexuality, or will there always be a stigma attached to being gay?

My World of the Unknown #7

Should sex be discussed more, or less, openly than it is now?

My World of the Unknown #6

When the narrator tells the djinn that it would be more appropriate for the djinn to be a man, the djinn replies: "'Perfect beauty is to be found only in woman'" (1140).

Do you agree with the djinn's statement?

My World of the Unknown #5

Rifaat is a Muslim, a member of the religion Islam, which is known, in conservative areas, for its strict view on sexuality, particularly relating to women. Many women are required to wear a burqa, a robe that covers the body from head to toe. Sex is so taboo that even discussing it can lead to censure or punishment. Knowing this, Rifaat decided to write this story anyway. Do you think many people in the Muslim world would be bothered by this story?

My World of the Unknown #4

Why do you suppose Rifaat had the djinn come in the shape of a snake? How would the story have been different if the djinn came as a bird, or a cat, or a dog? What does the snake add to the story?

My World of the Unknown #3

How important of a role does the narrator's husband play in the story? Could this have any relevance to the djinn's importance?

My World of the Unknown #2

Discuss the character of Aneesa. What happens to her because of the snake?

My World of the Unknown #1

Is the djinn a positive force? Does it benefit or harm the narrator?

Zaabalawi

The meaning of the story Zaabalawi can feel as elusive as the character about whom the story is named. It appears that many characters within the story have heard about, or have talked with Zaabalawi, yet he is nowhere these days to be found, except with a drunk some nights of the week. As readers, in order to figure out who, or what, or why, Zaabalawi is, we need to piece together various clues layered throughout. By examining how different characters address the existence and importance of Zaabalawi, we can come to a clearer-- although perhaps not perfectly clear-- understanding of Zaabalawi's relevance to the world Mahfouz describes.

Is Mahfouz indicating that the world has become less spiritual? Is Mahfouz intimating that the magical force of divine inspiration is not something we can search out and find, but rather something (or someone) that finds us? Is Mahfouz pointing to the impossible nature of us fully realizing the Answer to the Question within us?

Zaabalawi #9

Where do you find meaning and purpose for your life? Is there something that you are searching for but have yet to find? Are we all searching for something?

Zaabalawi #8

What is "that illness for which no one possesses a remedy"? (804)

Zaabalawi #7

What happens to the narrator in his dream when he passes out drunk? (810) Was Zaabalawi actually there? What does it indicate that he was only able to experience Zaabalawi while asleep?

Zaabalawi #5

Discuss what Sheikh Gad, the well-known Composer, might reveal about the nature of Zaabalawi (807-809).

Zaabalawi #4

Discuss the importance of the calligrapher Hassanein (806-807). What might he indicate about the nature of Zaabalawi?

Zaabalawi #3

Discuss the importance of the lawyer that the narrator first visits in his search for Zaabalawi (804-805). What might he indicate about Zaabalawi?

Zaabalawi #2

Why does the narrator have such a difficult time finding Zaabalawi?

Zaabalawi #1

Who, or what, is Zaabalawi?

The Guest #7

Have you ever done something you believed to be right, only to have it backfire? What does this say about the world?

The Guest #6

Can you discern an overall point Camus is trying to make in The Guest?

The Guest #5

What does the final paragraph indicate about Daru's decision to allow the Arab to decide for himself if he should go to the authorities or escape?

The Guest #4

Why does Daru leave the Arab to make up his own decision about going to prison or heading off to the nomads?

The Guest #3

Discuss the importance of the setting to the conflict of the story.

The Guest #2

Discuss the difference between how Daru and Balducci treat the Arab.

The Guest #1

Why is Daru so distraught by having to deliver the Arab to the colonial authorities?

The Guest

Albert Camus is an author known for his bleak, cold, often unsettling stories in which characters find themselves largely alone. For Camus, life was ultimately one that we as individuals controlled-- there was no God, or sympathetic nature, or even a brotherhood of men. There were isolated incidences of kindness and generosity, but even those did not always turn out well.

Such is the case in the short story The Guest. Daru attempts to act as he sees fit, yet the results are surprising and seemingly contrary to what he wished. Trying to figure out Camus' purpose for writing such stories is one of the most challenging tasks for a reader.

Tuesday, November 10, 2009

The Man I Killed #6

Is war inevitable? Will we ever see an end to warfare?

The Man I Killed #5

Why do you suppose Tim imagines the unknown man that he kills as he does? In other words, Tim doesn't know who this man really was, but he conjures up a detailed life story that seems rather convincing. But why this life story and not some other? What is significant about the particular details Tim imagines about this man?

The Man I Killed #4

Do you see any symbolic significance to the star-shaped bullet hole?

The Man I Killed #3

Discuss the character of Azar.

The Man I Killed #2

Discuss the character of Kiowa.

The Man I Killed #1

Why is Tim so distressed by killing this man?

The Man I Killed

Tim O'Brien served as infantry in the Vietnam War, a war known for its often seemingly pointless brutality and overall futility. Much of the civilian population in the United States stood in strong opposition to the U.S. military presence in Vietnam, as they considered the war unjust. Countless soldiers returned from duty permanently scarred by the gruesome scenes of human depravity witnessed in the jungles and elsewhere. One such scene is depicted in The Man I Killed.

All Quiet #4

Why does the narrator, at the end, say "I must be a printer [...] be a printer, printer--" (524)?

All Quiet #3

Why do you suppose wars are so common?

All Quiet #2

Why is the narrator so distraught from killing the French soldier Duval?

All Quiet #1

Explain the transformation the narrator undergoes over the course of the chapter.

All Quiet on the Western Front

Erich Marie Remarque was, like Wilfred Owen, a soldier in WWI. Yet unlike Owen, Remarque fought for the Germans.

Regardless of the politics of the situation, Remarque’s portrayal of WWI is powerfully moving, demanding in its descriptive force that we really consider the profound condition in which these soldiers in the trenches found themselves.

The excerpt from the novel All Quiet on the Western Front depicts the intrinsically chaotic and thus unpredictable nature of trench warfare—at any time you may encounter the enemy right in front of you. As a soldier, you never knew who might appear mere inches beyond your person, and you had to act quickly, ever so quickly, or else you were dead. The expression—“kill or be killed”— applies very well.

Dulce #4

How many soldiers do you suppose suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which was known as shell-shock during WWI? In other words, how many soldiers who have been in battle—who have killed or who have seen someone killed—are so impacted by the event that it haunts them, and are thus limited by this experience from moving forward in their lives?

Dulce #3

Is it ever “Dulce et Decorum”—Sweet and Fitting—to die for one’s country?

Dulce #2

What do you take line 20 to mean—“His hanging face, like a devil’s sick of sin”?

Dulce et Decorum #1

Can you discern Owen’s purpose for writing “Dulce et Decorum Est”?

Dulce et Decorum Est

“Dulce et Decorum Est” is a poem written by a British soldier, Wilfred Owen, who served in World War I. This war is also known as the Great War, since so many were involved and so many were killed. Millions of young men across Europe lost their lives; it was not uncommon after the war, in the 1920s, to walk along streets throughout France, Germany, and England and see almost no men between the ages of 18 and 35. That many young men were killed during the fighting.

World War I (WWI) is particularly well-remembered for the large amount of fighting that occurred in trenches. The trenches were intricate systems of dug pathways usually about five or six feet deep. Soldiers on both sides would hide in the trenches, emerging to mount attacks upon the enemies. Machine guns would cut down soldiers with a terrifying precision, making casualties a certainty. Poison gas was another horrifying aspect of this war, and although technically illegal, it was used regardless. “Dulce et Decorum Est” describes the effects of the unimaginably painful and almost invariably lethal results of inhaling this gas, which was launched in eruptive canisters.

Sunday, November 1, 2009

A Very Old Man #7

Some people think that we often let our preconceptions get in the way of allowing us to see the magic and mystery of the world. In other words, because we were taught that something should appear a certain way-- for example, an angel should be young and majestic-- we may miss that very thing when it actually arrives and stands directly in front of us.

Do you think many people miss out on certain important aspects of life because of their narrow preconceptions? Because they try to control the world too rigidly, rather than understanding things on their own terms?

A Very Old Man #6

How would you know if you were in the presence of an angel?

A Very Old Man #5

How do you conceive of an angel? Do you have a certain picture in your head? Where did that picture or conception come from? Is it at all similar to the way the very old man with enormous wings is described?

A Very Old Man #4

How does the very old man with enormous wings affect the people he lives with? How do they perceive him?

A Very Old Man #3

Is the old man with enormous wings an angel? Or is he just an old man with enormous wings?

A Very Old Man #2

Discuss the importance of the woman who had been changed into a spider.

A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings #1

Why does Father Gonzaga have his doubts that the old man is an angel? Do you get the sense that Marquez is viewing the priest-- and perhaps, by extension, the Church-- in a certain way?

Work We Hate #4

Is it possible for all of us to work jobs we love?

Work We Hate #3

What should we consider more important-- a career that makes a great deal of money, or a career that betters the world?

Work We Hate #2

Explain the following lines regarding Meiyo's apparent transformation while sawing wood. What happens to Meiyo?

inside his veins another world
in full color etches
a blue sky on his bones,
a man following a bison herd,
and suddenly his hammer becomes a spear
he tosses to the ground
uttering a sound we do not understand. (12-18)

Work We Hate #1

Poets often include symbols (check glossary if you are unsure what a symbol is) in order to help us understand the profound nature of certain situations. Do you see any symbolism in the following lines?

Every morning
Meiyo revs his truck up
and lets it idle. (1-3)

Work We Hate and Dreams We Love

This other poem by Baca is, on the surface at least, far simpler to understand than "What We Don't Tell the Children." Yet in its simplicity may be hidden deep truths about the current situation in which some of us find ourselves as human beings.

The title may be something many of you can relate to; after all, how many of us have-- or have had-- jobs we have hated, work we have done only because we need to make ends meet. Dreams, on the other hand, are always with us, if we so choose. No one can take our dreams away from us but ourselves. For if one dream fails, another can just as easily take its place.

One of the trickiest things to do nowadays is to find a Dream Job-- the sort of job that we absolutely love going to, and that also pays enough for our needs (and, for many of us, our wants). The poem may be bringing up ideas along those lines; it may also be bringing up more profound ideas about the very nature of our existences: Are we doing, day to day, what our Inner Selves really yearn to be doing? In the modern world, can we be living as we truly wish? As some mysterious part of us desires? As our ancestors before us have lived? How many of us wish we could go back and live in a less hectic, technology-driven world?

What We Don't Tell the Children #5

How important do you think socio-economics are to this story? To this society? Are people generally treated differently depending on how much money they have?

What We Don't Tell the Children #4

What is the "What" from the title that the adults don't tell the children?

What We Don't Tell the Children #3

Explain the importance of this stanza:

"Tufts of rabbit fur
in backfield weeds, shred of meat
still warm on bones,
blood drops in warm earth." (10-13)

What We Don't Tell the Children Prompt #2

Describe the artist couple.

Who are they? Why are they there? How do they act? Why do they leave one month after moving in?

What We Don't Tell the Children Prompt #1

Why does the poet italicize the words "primitive place" (16)?

What We Don't Tell the Children

In Baca's poem "What We Don't Tell the Children," it is often what is left unsaid that provides the deepest meaning. While deliberate ambiguity is the norm for most well-respected poetry, the underlying purpose of this poem may be even more difficult to ascertain than for other poems you may be familiar with. To really understand this poem, it's important to consider place-- where is the poem set? What does it look like outside? What is the community like? You may need to research New Mexico a little to get a grasp of the scenery.

Also, consider the title carefully. No author is careless with a title, but this one is particularly interesting for its intentional lack of specifics.

Wednesday, October 28, 2009

Moon on Water Prompt #8

8) How important are mirrors? To us, or to you, personally? Have you ever considered how you often and for what purposes you use mirrors? Could you imagine life without mirrors? Discuss the significance of mirrors in your own life, or in the lives of those around you.

Moon on Water Prompt #7

7) Can knowing that we are going to die very soon-- as does Kyoko's first husband-- make us more appreciative of the beauty of life and love?

Moon on Water Prompt #6

6) Regarding the nature of romantic love, some people say that each of us has only one soul mate-- a person who is destined for us by the stars, a person who is such a perfect match that they bind with us perfectly, completing us, making us whole. Others say that there are many people out there who are perfect for us-- that there are many great loves available to us. Which do you think is true?

Moon on Water Prompt #5

5) Which love would you say is more powerful-- Kyoko's love for her first husband or for her second husband?

Moon on Water Prompt #4

4) Discuss the significance of the garden for Kyoko.

Moon on Water Prompt #3

3) Discuss the importance of the garden for Kyoko's first husband.

Moon on Water Prompt #2

2) Discuss the significance of the hand mirror for Kyoko.

Moon on Water-- Prompt #1

1) Discuss the importance of the hand mirror for Kyoko's first husband.

The Moon on the Water-- Main

Looks like some good posting so far. Check for my comments on your postings; I'll be evaluating some of them, indicating which responses I deem strong, adequate, and insufficient.

Kawabata's The Moon on the Water is a fascinating glimpse into the life of Kyoko, a young Japanese woman with a tubercular, bedridden first husband. The story takes place-- through an interweaving of current time with flashback-- both during and after World War II, a time of fear, anxiety, and great upheaval in Japan. Consider that hundreds of thousands of Japanese were killed when the United States dropped atomic bombs on Nagasaki and Hiroshima near the end of the war.

Because Kyoko's first husband falls ill only three months into their marriage, it's clear that most of their time together has been one of great suffering. Tuberculosis is an extremely painful and debilitating illness that requires constant stability and rest.

Kyoko, therefore, becomes her husband's full-time aretaker. She even remarks to her second husband that, despite not bearing any children during her first marriage, she feels as if taking care of her first husband was quite similar to raising a child:
" 'But it was like looking after a child all the time" (665). We learn, through this admission, that Kyoko really had very little, if any, life to herself, for much if not all of her time was consumed either directly caring for her husband or thinking about him.

This does not, however, seem to overburden Kyoko, as she comes across as a loving and quite devoted wife. A reader may, though, upon close inspection, find hints revealed in half-concealment that it was no easy task to look after her severely sick first husband.

But through all the obvious darkness of the story-- with the death of her first husband suffusing the entire piece with a pale, melancholy light-- there is also a romantic nostalgia, a deeply haunting sense that love-- Kyoko's love for her first husband, and her first husband's love for her-- outweighs and overcomes any of the more somber and heavy tones.

Questions for Discussion

What I think will work better, is if I make each one of these prompts its own Blog entry-- that way we can keep them better organized. So look below this posting; there should be eight more, one for each prompt.

Monday, October 26, 2009

Who's Irish?

Looks like most of you signed up without much hassle if any. That's great. I appreciate how many of you already greeted everyone else. That's the sort of spirit that will keep this Blog running smoothly and engagingly.

Who's Irish is a story about an unnamed narrator who guides us through important events surrounding her and her more Americanized family. A nearly 70-year-old woman, she is asked to take care of her granddaughter Sophie. We can interpret from the story that the narrator was originally born in China but has been living long enough in the United States to become highly skilled at English, as well as to have built a successful restaurant with her husband, who is now deceased.

The story is told in a uniquely specific vernacular, that of the Chinese American who clearly learned English as a second language. We learn a great deal about her through her English, which is rendered magnificently by the author, Gish Jen. It's interesting to consider how different this story would be if it were told from the 3rd person perspective-- where we would view her from the outside-- rather than from the 1st person point of view, as it is, through which we see the events entirely through her subjective point of view.

There is, naturally, some discord between the narrator and her daughter, who appears to have been born in the United States. There is also discord between the narrator and the Shea family, since John, Natalie's husband, and John's brothers seems to take exception to some of the narrator's comments and actions. And the narrator has problems with much of the Shea family.

The story takes a critical turn when Sophie hides herself in a hole in the playground; the narrator is unable to extricate Sophie from the hole, and the narrator inadvertently bruises Sophie by poking a stick into the hole. Upon seeing the bruises, John and Natalie learn that the grandmother has spanked Sophie prior, and thus become very upset and angry, demanding the narrator find another place to live. The story ends with the narrator living with Bess Shea, who offers to take her in.

Questions for Discussion:

Respond to any or all of the following prompts. Remember, you are required to make at least four postings per week, but as I will be keeping track of each of your postings (don't forget, if you haven't already, to email me your real name and user name) your grade will only benefit by making more than the necessary postings. Please read the postings of others before you post-- you certainly don't want to repeat what others have said.

Please indicate when posting which number you are responding to. Or, if you are making a new thread (which I encourage), simply say "New Thread" and then proceed.

1) How would you describe the relationship between the narrator and the Shea family? How does the narrator view them?How do they view her?

2) What is the primary conflict of the story?


3) Do you think Natalie is justified at the end of the story when she kicks her mother out of the house? Should Natalie have acted differently?


4) What is the significance of the title, Who’s Irish?


5) What would you say is the point, or purpose of this short story?


As It Applies to Culture:


6) One of the major themes of this story seems to be that of American versus Chinese ways of raising a family. Discuss, from your own experience, how parent and child can encounter problems due to differences in cultural beliefs.


7) For immigrants, what is more important: to preserve aspects of your home culture, or to assimilate as much in possible into the new country?

Thursday, October 22, 2009

Welcome to English 1B Blogging

Hello English 1B Students,

I hope all of you made it here without any trouble. If you're reading this message, obviously you're in the right place. On Sunday, October 25th the first thread will be posted related to one of the assigned readings. Once that post appears, feel free to comment upon it.

DF